American Board of Pathology (ABPath) 2025 – 400 Free Practice Questions to Pass the Exam

Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is a genetic disorder characterized by the development of numerous cysts in the kidneys, which can lead to the progressive decline of renal function over time. The accumulation of these cysts can significantly interfere with the normal structure and function of the kidneys, ultimately leading to complications like hypertension, kidney stones, urinary tract infections, and, in many cases, end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

The autosomal dominant inheritance pattern means that only one copy of the mutated gene is necessary for the disorder to manifest, and since the condition is progressive, many individuals with ADPKD do not experience symptoms until adulthood. As the disease advances, the cysts can enlarge and lead to renal fibrosis, reduced kidney function, and potentially renal failure, which is diagnosed as end-stage renal disease.

In light of this information, it is clear that true statements regarding the progression of ADPKD to end-stage renal disease are applicable to a wide population of affected individuals, independently of specific populations or prior infections, which may not directly influence the outcome related to kidney function. Therefore, the assertion that ADPKD can lead to end-stage renal disease is indeed true.